Ground subsidence
The land subsidence in China was first discovered in coastal industrial cities, first in Shanghai, followed by Tianjin. Later, it was reported that land subsidence occurred in Jiaxing, Ningbo and Hangzhou in Zhejiang Province. The reason is that the excessive exploitation of groundwater in the loose medium reduces the pore water pressure, which leads to the consolidation of the soil layer. In addition, due to improper foundation treatment, it is not uncommon to cause uniform settlement or large settlement on the ground. A 4-storey building near Wulinmen in Hangzhou has a dark river at the corner of the building. It is a silt and artificial foundation. The weak bearing layer of some pile foundations is obviously compressed, causing cracks soon after completion.
2. Surface subsidence
It mainly occurs in the limestone karst cave area, due to over-exploitation of shallow-buried cave water or drainage to drain the cave water. A deep well in a sanatorium in Qianquan, Hangzhou, caused excessive surface mining due to excessive exploitation of underground limestone cave water.
The six buildings around it were severely cracked and spread to a distance of 200m.
Landslide
As early as the construction of the Xin'anjiang Hydropower Station, the engineering survey noticed that the sandstone layer fractures of the Qianligang damhead on the left bank of the dam were cut with the smooth slope joints and a reverse fault to form an unstable rock mass structural surface, plus clay filling. It is likely that a landslide will be formed, which was confirmed during construction. No damage was caused due to effective measures taken in advance. Wenzhou Europe along the Yangtze River, as well as three Jiantiao pier, wharf part Zhoushan, Hangzhou to Changxing railway, etc., in construction projects have encountered such problems.
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