In the mining design, the determination of the development of transportation plan is an important part, which has a direct impact on the transportation mode, production cost, production organization form and internal management mode of the mine within the service period. It is of great significance to the mining enterprise.
In the current mine design, the program comparison method is mainly used to determine the development of transportation plans. Usually, two-dimensional design software is used to draw various plan views according to the geological data of the mine to calculate the required technical parameters. The process is complicated, the data is numerous, and the error is large. Nowadays, with the promotion and application of 3D digital software, the transformation and renewal of mine design has been promoted [1]. This will be a phosphate mine in Guizhou, for example, are the digital mine software and two-dimensional design software used in comparison to develop a phosphate transport program in Guizhou to evaluate the value of three-dimensional digital software.
1 Exploiting the transportation plan and comparing the work content and steps The traditional work steps for comparing the transportation plan are as follows: firstly analyze the geological data of the mine, understand the characteristics of the ore body and the technical conditions of the mining, and then propose a feasible development plan, and then use the two-dimensional The design software draws a development system diagram of each program. The main work steps are shown in Figure 1.
After using the three-dimensional mine design software, the differences from the traditional working methods are as follows: Firstly, the three-dimensional model is constructed according to the geological data of the mine, including the three-dimensional model of the ore body, the three-dimensional model of the structure and the three-dimensional model of the ground terrain; and the three-dimensional model of the mine is used to analyze the deposit. The technical conditions are mined, and a feasible development plan is proposed. Finally, a three-dimensional map of the mine development system is drawn on the basis of the three-dimensional mine model [2]. The main working steps are shown in Figure 2.
2 3D digital mining software and traditional 2D design software work content and effect comparison analysis 2.1 3D mine design software has the advantages of intuitive, visualization. When using the traditional two-dimensional design method, the ore body floor contour and topographic map are required. The composite is formed into a composite map inside and outside the pit, and the burial depth and its variation of the ore body are analyzed. The composite map inside and outside the pit is very complicated and has many lines, which often requires the designer to further analyze it by imagination. Using the 3D mine design software, the occurrence of the ore body and the topographical features of the ore body can be visually seen according to the constructed model [3], and the buried depth at any position can be accurately measured, as shown in Fig. 3. Relative to the two-dimensional drawing data, it is more conducive to quickly understand the occurrence conditions of the deposit, determine the mining technology of the mine, and propose a reasonable development plan. When analyzing the occurrence of deposits, it is also possible to display any profile as needed, which can more accurately reflect the occurrence characteristics of the ore body, and at the same time visually see the relationship between the structure and the ore body.
2.2 Three-dimensional mine design software can greatly improve work efficiency In this example, according to the mining technical conditions of the mine, two possible development plans are proposed:
Scheme 1 is a development plan for the bucket shaft. A new bucket shaft is built in the industrial site near the ZK905 borehole. The bucket lifting system is arranged in the shaft, which is responsible for the ore lifting and the lifting capacity is 4.5 million t/a. A main flat raft is constructed from the existing industrial site near the Suikou, and the elevation of Pingkou is +830m. The shaft is connected with the existing industrial site by using Pingyi. A belt conveyor is designed to transport ore in the flat. The height of the ore is from 200m to 830m.
Option 2 is a development plan for the belt inclined shaft. A new main cable inclined shaft is built near the existing industrial site, and the inclined well is extended in two sections to a depth of 200m. The tape inclined shaft lifting capacity is 4.5 million t/a. The main tape inclined shaft wellhead elevation is about 780m, the slope is 12°, the three-core arch section, and the net section area is 14.33m2. The main tape inclined well is divided into two sections of tape transfer, 1# main tape inclined well (+780～+490m), lifting height 290m, oblique length 1400m; 2# tape blind inclined well (+490～+200m), lifting height 290m, slant length 1400m.
Before the comparison of the schemes, two system diagrams of the development plan should be drawn separately for detailed comparative analysis. When using the two-dimensional design software to draw the system diagram of the first scheme, at least the horizontal projection map and the sectional map need to be drawn to describe the relative relationship between the shaft and the ore body in the vertical shaft. Sometimes in order to more clearly reflect the relative relationship between the main development projects, it is also necessary to draw a vertical projection of the development system.
When using the 3D digital mine software design to develop the system diagram, only a perspective view can clearly reflect these contents, as shown in Figure 4. And the three-dimensional map is more intuitive and accurate than the two-dimensional horizontal projection and cross-section.
2.3 3D mine design software can improve the calculation accuracy of engineering quantity
After the development of the system map is completed, it is necessary to calculate the technical parameters such as the engineering quantity of each scheme. The length measured in the 2D design is not directly usable and requires some conversion. For the inclined well in the second scheme, when the two-dimensional design software is used, the horizontal projection length of the inclined well is first measured in the horizontal projection view of the development system, and the actual length of the inclined well is calculated according to the inclination angle of the inclined well. The pioneering system diagram drawn by the 3D mine design software truly reflects the spatial position of the inclined shaft development project. The main parameters such as the orientation, inclination and actual length of the inclined well can be obtained by direct measurement, as shown in Fig. 5.
3 Investment cost estimation and comparison analysis According to the technical conditions of the process, determine the supporting electromechanical equipment, and calculate the investment and operating expenses of each scheme separately. See Table 1 for details.
Using 3D digital mining software, two schemes can be drawn in one system diagram for comparative analysis, but 2D design software can not be realized, as shown in Figure 6.
According to the calculation conditions and investment costs, analyze the advantages and disadvantages of each development transportation plan. After comparative analysis, the advantages of program one are: a. Less ore transport links; b. The shaft and the concrete can be constructed at the same time, and the construction time is short. The disadvantage is: a. Large structures such as derricks or well towers on the ground, large amount of civil works; b. The underground loading and unloading structure has a large amount of engineering; c. High investment, high operating expenses and high current value of expenses. The advantages of option 2 are: a. There are no large structures on the ground, and the civil works are simple; b. The tape transportation system can realize continuous transportation, and the production capacity is large, and the loading and unloading system is simple; c. High degree of automation, less operators; d. Low investment, low operating expenses and lowest current cost. The disadvantages are: a. Long inclined shaft and long construction time; b. There are many ore transfer links.
In summary, the second option is better than the first one, so the design recommends the second option.
4 Conclusion The digital mining software and two-dimensional design software were respectively applied to the comparison and selection of a phosphate mine in Guizhou. It can be seen that the three-dimensional digital mine software can truly reflect the three-dimensional space environment and realize the visualization of the design content by constructing a three-dimensional solid model. , to achieve what you see is what you get, with intuitive, precise and efficient features. Compared with the two-dimensional design software, the design of the 3D digital software is intuitive, smooth, and the work efficiency is higher, and the quality of the obtained results is better. Therefore, in the future mine design work, we should actively promote the application of 3D digital software, closely integrate more functions of the software with mine design, give full play to its unique advantages, and help to improve the design level of the mining industry to better Serving mining companies.
References [1] Jiang Jingming, Wang Liguan. DIMINE mining software promotes the development of digital mines in China [J]. China Mining, 2009, 18 (10): 90-92.
[2] Hu Jianming. The application and development direction of 3D mine digital software [J]. Metal mines, 2008, (1): 97-99.
[3] Li Hongliang. Application of 3D digital mine software in metal mines [J]. Xinjiang Nonferrous Metals, 2015, (5): 36+38.
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