Researchers at the University of Texas at Austin have developed a hybrid nanomaterial that writes, erases, and overwrites optics. Researchers believe that this nano-materials and development technology can be used to create a new generation of optical chips and circuits. In a study published in the journal "Nano Letters," the Texas team described how the process of creating their new hybrid nanomaterials from the plasma surface began. Surface Plasmon Photonics is a discipline that studies the oscillation of electron density generated when photons strike a metal surface. These oscillating electrons of a similar wave are called surface plasmons.
In this case, the metal surface is composed of aluminum nanoparticles covered with a polymer layer in which photo-sensitive molecules are embedded.
These photochromic molecules can interact quantum with light to make the molecules transparent or opaque. In the photonics circuit created by Texas researchers, the metal plasma surface and photochromic molecules represent two quantum systems. In this design, the interaction or coupling between two quantum systems is very strong. By leveraging these phenomena, researchers have created a waveguide that controls the direction of light, which is crucial for the design of integrated photonic circuits.
Researchers first used green lasers to create their waveguides in nanomaterials. Then they can use UV light to erase the waveguide, and then they re-write the waveguide pattern with a green laser. The team believes this is the first time humans have been able to rewrite the waveguide using all-optical techniques.
"In our work, we used a hybrid plasma waveguide as a quantum system and added molecules to the polymer as the second quantum system," said Linhan Lin, co-author of the study, in a collaboration with IEEE Spectrum Electronics Explained in the mail interview. "Once there is a strong coupling between the two quantum systems, we can change the resonant frequency of the hybrid plasma waveguide in two different new directions simply by irradiating the sample with UV UV light."
According to Lin, the hybrid plasma waveguide does not work at this resonant frequency at the moment the sample is exposed to UV ultraviolet rays, or, alternatively, the waveguide is erased. Once the green laser is applied to the sample (the molecules become transparent), the resonant frequency will return to its original value. "With this approach, we got the waveguide working, so we created a waveguide," Lin added.
Of course, the concept of this rewritable optical system is not new; it is based on optical storage media such as CDs and DVDs. However, CDs and DVDs require large light sources, optical media, and light detectors to work. The advantage of the rewritable integrated photonic circuit developed here is that it can be applied to 2-D materials.
"In order to develop rewritable integrated nanophotonic circuits, one has to be able to confine the light in a two-dimensional (2-D) plane where light can be transmitted over long distances in the plane and where its direction of propagation, amplitude, frequency and Controlled in phase, "Yuebing Zheng, a University of Texas professor who led the study, said in an interview. "Our material is a hybrid that makes it possible to develop rewritable integrated nanophotonic circuits."
Some engineering applications need to wait until these rewritable integrated nanophotonic circuits are matured. Lin explained that to apply this technology outside the lab, there is a need to increase the stability of this rewritable device while extending its useful life. In addition, it is also necessary to match the operating frequency of the hybrid plasma waveguide to the on-chip communication frequency.
Zeng added: "Our goal is to develop rewirable optics that go beyond the waveguide, which will lead to the advent of rewritable optical filters, channel descending filters, delay lines, sensors, lasers, modulators, dispersion compensators, These are the key components of the future photonic integrated circuits. "
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