The ore mined from the deposit is called ore, and the ore is composed of useful minerals and gangue minerals. The grade of the ore is generally low. Gold as gold ore from 2 to 10 g / ton, copper ore is only 0.5 to 1.0% copper, iron ore is only 20 to 30% iron, such direct smelting ore is not only technically difficult large, economically It is also unreasonable, and when the grade of ore is very low, it cannot be smelted at all. Therefore, it is necessary to process the raw ore first, remove most of the gangue and harmful impurities, so that the useful minerals are integrated into the concentrate, so that the grade of gold can be improved, so that it can be used for the next step. The process of processing raw ore is called beneficiation .
Ores often contain several useful components (such as gold ore contains gold in addition, also contains silver, copper, sulfur, etc.), in order to sufficiently countries utilization of mineral resources, beneficial element must be recovered as much as possible, is selected to meet the requirements Concentrate. Therefore, it is only through beneficiation that it is possible to make full use of the various useful components in complex polymetallic ores.
In addition to useful ingredients, ores often contain impurities that are detrimental to the further processing of useful ingredients. In the smelting process, harmful impurities entering the metal will seriously affect the quality of the product, sometimes complicating the smelting process, or even difficult to carry out. For example, copper and lead concentrates in harmful impurities is zinc; zinc concentrate in harmful impurities being iron; iron ore harmful impurities sulfur, phosphorus; gold concentrate harmful impurities are arsenic and tellurium. These harmful impurities must be removed by beneficiation.
In summary, mineral processing is of great significance for the development of mining, the full and effective use of national resources, the provision of various metals for national economic construction, and the promotion of the development of various sectors of the national economy.
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