On the morning of August 26, 2010, the National Energy Administration held a "100-year Commemoration Conference of China Hydropower" in Kunming, Yunnan. The main purpose of this conference was to review the 100-year glorious history of hydropower development in China, sum up development achievements and experiences, analyze the new situation faced by development, clarify the tasks for hydropower development in the future, and promote the scientific and orderly development of hydropower. Many party leaders and state leaders made important instructions, sent congratulatory letters and wrote remarks on China's hydropower centennial commemorative activities. The old leaders and old experts of the power front gave a message.
The National People’s Congress’s Finance and Economics Committee, the National People’s Congress’s Environment and Resources Protection Committee, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Ministry of Environmental Protection, and other relevant agencies and the old leaders and experts of the hydropower industry and other relevant industry associations and representatives of some companies. People attended the memorial meeting.
On August 21st of a century ago, the Shilongba hydropower station, China’s first hydropower station funded by Yunnan’s private capital, was built on the Suicheong River exit in the suburbs of Kunming, creating a history of Chinese people’s own construction of hydropower stations. After decades of construction and development, a batch of approved large, medium, and small hydropower stations have sprung up on the tributaries of major rivers. China’s hydropower has gone through a splendid 100-year history and built more than 45,000 large, medium, and small hydropower stations. The total installed capacity has exceeded 200 million kilowatts, and it ranks first in the world.
In the past 100 years, China’s hydropower industry has made remarkable achievements.
First, the status of hydraulic resources was ascertained. It has been ascertained that the theoretical reserves of hydropower resources in the mainland, technologically-installed installed capacity, and economically exploitable installed capacity are 690 million kilowatts, 540 million kilowatts, and 402 million kilowatts, respectively.
Second, the scale of hydropower development has continued to a new level. In September 2004, China’s hydropower installed capacity exceeded the 100 million kilowatt mark and reached 200 million kilowatts in 2010, making it the world's largest hydropower producer. We have used more than 10 years to realize that the installed capacity of hydropower has nearly quadrupled over the 50 years of the founding of the country.
The third is that water and power dam technology has entered the international advanced level. Up to now, it includes the 200-meter-high RCC gravity dam technology, the 200-meter-high concrete face rockfill dam technology, the 300-meter-high arch dam, and the 100-meter-high RCC arch dam technology and dam. Major key technologies, including basic engineering technology and high-speed water flow energy-dissipating technology innovation, have achieved breakthroughs.
Fourth, the level of localization of hydropower equipment has increased significantly. At present, China has built 32 units with a stand-alone capacity of 500,000 kilowatts and above, and 109 units are under construction. The total installed capacity under construction has reached 90.75 million kilowatts, and the number of buildings under construction are among the highest in the world.
Fifth, the construction of large-scale hydropower plants has pushed the high-capacity, long-distance, and high-voltage transmission technologies to a new peak. The 1000 kV AC and 800 kV DC transmission demonstration projects that the country has already started construction are proceeding smoothly, and will play a positive role in realizing cross-basin trans-basin transmission, adjustment of hydro-thermal power and intermediation, and optimization of national energy resources.
Sixth, hydropower development has brought tremendous comprehensive benefits to the national economy and social development. While providing high-quality electricity for economic and social development, China’s hydropower construction promotes “the development of the western region, the development of a regional economy, the building of a new socialist countryside, and the prevention of floods and shipping, in the comprehensive utilization of water resources, the promotion of energy conservation and emission reduction, and the improvement of the atmospheric environment. Irrigation, water supply, and aquaculture all play an important role.
In the past 100 years, our main experience in promoting hydropower development has been: First, advancing with the times, hydropower development has followed the development direction of the national energy strategy. The second is to promote reforms and hydropower development has shown a diversified development pattern. Third, scientific planning has promoted the sustainable development of hydropower development. The fourth is to pay attention to environmental protection and immigration, and realize the harmonious coexistence of human and nature in hydropower development. Sixth, vigorously promote the independent innovation of science and technology, promote the technical progress of dams and speed up the process of localization of unit equipment, and greatly increase the safety of hydropower construction.
In 2009, the Chinese government made a solemn promise to the international community that “by 2020, non-fossil energy will account for about 15% of primary energy consumption, and the unit GDP of GDP will fall by 40% to 45% compared to 2005â€. Hydropower is China's current renewable and non-fossil energy source with the most clear resources, the most mature technology, the cleanest and most economical energy. In the past 100 years, China’s hydropower has accumulated a total of 7,290 billion kwh, equivalent to replacing 2.7 billion tons of standard coal and reducing carbon dioxide emissions by about 7 billion tons. As China’s pressure and responsibility for reducing CO2 emissions are increasing, the role and effect of hydropower on reducing CO2 emissions and developing a low-carbon economy will become more apparent.
Standing at the new historical starting point for hydropower development, we must understand the situation and not only see the historical opportunities faced by hydropower development, but also fully understand the severe challenges brought by current environmental protection, immigration, and other outstanding issues facing hydropower development, unify our thinking, and unite as one. We conscientiously implemented and implemented national policies and regulations on ecological environmental protection, resettlement, protection of cultivated land, construction of a new socialist countryside, etc. We took the initiative to assume social responsibility and strive to build hydropower development into an ecological project, a people’s livelihood project, a civilized project, and a harmonious project. For the benefit of human society, benefit future generations.
The first is to implement the scientific concept of development, and to promote harmony in the construction of the social process. Integrate hydropower development with comprehensive utilization of water resources, ecological engineering construction, and regional economic development to ensure the sustainable development of China's economic construction and energy, and maintain the process of harmonious construction of socialist harmonious society with hydropower.
The second is to implement the concept of ecological civilization and build ecological projects for hydropower development. Following the fundamental principle of “protection in development and development in protectionâ€, we will truly combine hydropower development with comprehensive utilization of water resources, ecological engineering construction, and regional economic development to realize the comprehensive development of water resources in river basins.
The third is to do a good job of immigration and stability, and build a livelihood project for hydropower development. Continue to explore and innovate policies for supporting post-income resettlement so that the interests of hydropower construction and immigration can be better integrated so that the majority of immigrants can consciously support and support hydropower construction and focus on building a livelihood project for hydropower development.
The fourth is to increase publicity for hydropower public opinion and create a good social environment for hydropower development. To solve doubts and doubts for hydropower development, strive to improve the image of hydropower development in all walks of life, and create a favorable public opinion environment and social environment for hydropower development.
Fifth, we will further promote the cascade development and unified dispatching in the river basin and realize the comprehensive benefits of hydropower development. We will strive to realize the integrated and unified dispatching of cascade hydropower stations in major river basins nationwide at an early date to promote the maximization of the comprehensive economic and social benefits of hydropower stations, and to better serve the harmonious economic and social development of China.
Sixth, we will continue to improve the system and mechanism for hydropower construction and promote the sustained and healthy development of hydropower construction. Establish and improve laws and regulations for hydropower development, establish an approval system that meets the requirements of investment system reform and the actual construction of hydropower, strengthen the research on the mechanism for the formation of hydropower price and reasonable pricing mechanism, study and improve the relevant policies for hydropower development, eradicate the development of water and electricity, build up wealth for the poor, and promote local economic and social development. The development will be better integrated so that hydropower development can better stimulate one side of the economy for the benefit of one people.
The National People’s Congress’s Finance and Economics Committee, the National People’s Congress’s Environment and Resources Protection Committee, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Ministry of Environmental Protection, and other relevant agencies and the old leaders and experts of the hydropower industry and other relevant industry associations and representatives of some companies. People attended the memorial meeting.
On August 21st of a century ago, the Shilongba hydropower station, China’s first hydropower station funded by Yunnan’s private capital, was built on the Suicheong River exit in the suburbs of Kunming, creating a history of Chinese people’s own construction of hydropower stations. After decades of construction and development, a batch of approved large, medium, and small hydropower stations have sprung up on the tributaries of major rivers. China’s hydropower has gone through a splendid 100-year history and built more than 45,000 large, medium, and small hydropower stations. The total installed capacity has exceeded 200 million kilowatts, and it ranks first in the world.
In the past 100 years, China’s hydropower industry has made remarkable achievements.
First, the status of hydraulic resources was ascertained. It has been ascertained that the theoretical reserves of hydropower resources in the mainland, technologically-installed installed capacity, and economically exploitable installed capacity are 690 million kilowatts, 540 million kilowatts, and 402 million kilowatts, respectively.
Second, the scale of hydropower development has continued to a new level. In September 2004, China’s hydropower installed capacity exceeded the 100 million kilowatt mark and reached 200 million kilowatts in 2010, making it the world's largest hydropower producer. We have used more than 10 years to realize that the installed capacity of hydropower has nearly quadrupled over the 50 years of the founding of the country.
The third is that water and power dam technology has entered the international advanced level. Up to now, it includes the 200-meter-high RCC gravity dam technology, the 200-meter-high concrete face rockfill dam technology, the 300-meter-high arch dam, and the 100-meter-high RCC arch dam technology and dam. Major key technologies, including basic engineering technology and high-speed water flow energy-dissipating technology innovation, have achieved breakthroughs.
Fourth, the level of localization of hydropower equipment has increased significantly. At present, China has built 32 units with a stand-alone capacity of 500,000 kilowatts and above, and 109 units are under construction. The total installed capacity under construction has reached 90.75 million kilowatts, and the number of buildings under construction are among the highest in the world.
Fifth, the construction of large-scale hydropower plants has pushed the high-capacity, long-distance, and high-voltage transmission technologies to a new peak. The 1000 kV AC and 800 kV DC transmission demonstration projects that the country has already started construction are proceeding smoothly, and will play a positive role in realizing cross-basin trans-basin transmission, adjustment of hydro-thermal power and intermediation, and optimization of national energy resources.
Sixth, hydropower development has brought tremendous comprehensive benefits to the national economy and social development. While providing high-quality electricity for economic and social development, China’s hydropower construction promotes “the development of the western region, the development of a regional economy, the building of a new socialist countryside, and the prevention of floods and shipping, in the comprehensive utilization of water resources, the promotion of energy conservation and emission reduction, and the improvement of the atmospheric environment. Irrigation, water supply, and aquaculture all play an important role.
In the past 100 years, our main experience in promoting hydropower development has been: First, advancing with the times, hydropower development has followed the development direction of the national energy strategy. The second is to promote reforms and hydropower development has shown a diversified development pattern. Third, scientific planning has promoted the sustainable development of hydropower development. The fourth is to pay attention to environmental protection and immigration, and realize the harmonious coexistence of human and nature in hydropower development. Sixth, vigorously promote the independent innovation of science and technology, promote the technical progress of dams and speed up the process of localization of unit equipment, and greatly increase the safety of hydropower construction.
In 2009, the Chinese government made a solemn promise to the international community that “by 2020, non-fossil energy will account for about 15% of primary energy consumption, and the unit GDP of GDP will fall by 40% to 45% compared to 2005â€. Hydropower is China's current renewable and non-fossil energy source with the most clear resources, the most mature technology, the cleanest and most economical energy. In the past 100 years, China’s hydropower has accumulated a total of 7,290 billion kwh, equivalent to replacing 2.7 billion tons of standard coal and reducing carbon dioxide emissions by about 7 billion tons. As China’s pressure and responsibility for reducing CO2 emissions are increasing, the role and effect of hydropower on reducing CO2 emissions and developing a low-carbon economy will become more apparent.
Standing at the new historical starting point for hydropower development, we must understand the situation and not only see the historical opportunities faced by hydropower development, but also fully understand the severe challenges brought by current environmental protection, immigration, and other outstanding issues facing hydropower development, unify our thinking, and unite as one. We conscientiously implemented and implemented national policies and regulations on ecological environmental protection, resettlement, protection of cultivated land, construction of a new socialist countryside, etc. We took the initiative to assume social responsibility and strive to build hydropower development into an ecological project, a people’s livelihood project, a civilized project, and a harmonious project. For the benefit of human society, benefit future generations.
The first is to implement the scientific concept of development, and to promote harmony in the construction of the social process. Integrate hydropower development with comprehensive utilization of water resources, ecological engineering construction, and regional economic development to ensure the sustainable development of China's economic construction and energy, and maintain the process of harmonious construction of socialist harmonious society with hydropower.
The second is to implement the concept of ecological civilization and build ecological projects for hydropower development. Following the fundamental principle of “protection in development and development in protectionâ€, we will truly combine hydropower development with comprehensive utilization of water resources, ecological engineering construction, and regional economic development to realize the comprehensive development of water resources in river basins.
The third is to do a good job of immigration and stability, and build a livelihood project for hydropower development. Continue to explore and innovate policies for supporting post-income resettlement so that the interests of hydropower construction and immigration can be better integrated so that the majority of immigrants can consciously support and support hydropower construction and focus on building a livelihood project for hydropower development.
The fourth is to increase publicity for hydropower public opinion and create a good social environment for hydropower development. To solve doubts and doubts for hydropower development, strive to improve the image of hydropower development in all walks of life, and create a favorable public opinion environment and social environment for hydropower development.
Fifth, we will further promote the cascade development and unified dispatching in the river basin and realize the comprehensive benefits of hydropower development. We will strive to realize the integrated and unified dispatching of cascade hydropower stations in major river basins nationwide at an early date to promote the maximization of the comprehensive economic and social benefits of hydropower stations, and to better serve the harmonious economic and social development of China.
Sixth, we will continue to improve the system and mechanism for hydropower construction and promote the sustained and healthy development of hydropower construction. Establish and improve laws and regulations for hydropower development, establish an approval system that meets the requirements of investment system reform and the actual construction of hydropower, strengthen the research on the mechanism for the formation of hydropower price and reasonable pricing mechanism, study and improve the relevant policies for hydropower development, eradicate the development of water and electricity, build up wealth for the poor, and promote local economic and social development. The development will be better integrated so that hydropower development can better stimulate one side of the economy for the benefit of one people.
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