According to news from the German International News Agency, China has always been called a "world factory." International companies have established production bases in China to seek lower costs and higher profits. However, as the wage level continues to rise, the appreciation of the renminbi is on the rise and China's bid to bid farewell to the “world factoryâ€, which is not a very glorious title, may be just around the corner.
After the Spring Festival this year, when millions of migrant workers did not return to their places of employment in the South, many foreign companies saw a turning point. Due to rising raw material prices, dissatisfaction with the workers' protest mood, and the reduction in export revenue from the appreciation of the renminbi, these companies have already faced numerous crises. Although employers have raised wages, the problem of shortage of labor has still not been solved because many workers are now reluctant to engage in monotonous mechanical operations. In the past, it was precisely because of the large number of workers engaged in such labor that China had a "world." The title of the factory.
According to the article, many large and small export companies have migrated to the mainland provinces where labor is cheaper, and they have even simply moved to other countries. For observers, this is a clear signal that China is coming to an end as a center of cheap production around the world.
The Chinese experts at Credit Suisse in Switzerland described this shift as a "historical turning point" for the Chinese economy and the entire world. Because China's long-standing role - the inflation of the world economy is kept at a low level - I am afraid that it will soon be over. In fact, the world has already sensed the increase in production costs in China. For example, American apparel companies have re-raised the prices of shirts and other clothing, and in the past decade, apparel prices have dropped by an average of 10%.
A report from Credit Suisse Bank pointed out: "China's competitiveness in the labor force must be really shattered. I'm afraid we will have to wait ten years, but we have already seen its beginning." The report predicts that in the future 3 In five years, the wages of some 150 million migrant workers in China will increase by 20% to 30% each year.
One of the reasons for this phenomenon is that China’s traditional advantage - the growing army of cheap labor is shrinking. Economists believe that this is the result of the rapid aging of the population following China's 40-year family planning policy. Stephen Green, an economist at Standard Chartered Bank, wrote in a report titled "Troubleshooting: 25 Million Workers" that China's economic growth "production jobs" are faster than the "new labor force." Birth" speed.
In addition, China’s rapid economic growth has also increased income levels, creating more job opportunities in inland poor provinces. As a result, fewer and fewer farmers have left their homes to work in affluent coastal cities. Stanley Lau, deputy chairman of the Federation of Hong Kong Industries, said that in February of this year, about 30% to 40% of the migrant workers originally employed in the Pearl River Delta Region did not go back to work after the Spring Festival. Normally, this ratio should be between 10% and 15%. Earlier, the government agency in Guangdong Province, a centre for low-cost production in China, raised the minimum wage level of workers by up to 20% to avoid frequent incidents such as last year’s Foxconn staff suicide and the strikes of Honda and Toyota workers. Big sensation.
The article stated that many companies have paid higher wages in order to retain workers, but they still cannot recruit suitable personnel. Taking the above mentioned American boss Happ as an example, he has about 500 employees and his monthly income is around 1800 to 2000 yuan, which is already higher than the minimum wage (1300 yuan) that has been implemented since early March of this year. A hundred dollars, but he still has 100 vacancies there. This leads to the extension of his delivery period. Harp considers relocating the factory to other parts of China, but he estimates that it can only support two or three years because the wages and prices in the Mainland will gradually catch up with the coastal areas.
For those companies that cannot recruit workers, strengthening production automation may be a suitable way out. In the past, some processes may be cheaper for manual operation, but now it is more cost-effective to use robots or other automation equipment.
Pyrimidine series intermediates
Pyrimidine, also known as 1,3-diazepine, is a heterocyclic compound with the chemical formula C4H4N2. Pyrimidine is formed by replacing 2 carbons in the meta-position of benzene with 2 nitrogen atoms, and is a diazine. Like pyridine, pyrimidine retains its aromaticity.
Introduction
Name: Pyrimidine
Molecular formula: C4H4N2
Molar mass: 80.09 g/mol
Density: 1.016 g/ml
Melting point: 20 - 22 °C
Boiling point: 123 - 124 °C
CAS Number: 289-95-2
EINECS Number: 206-026-0
SMILES: C1=NC=NC=C1
Application
(1) Anticancer drugs. In the selection of anticancer substances, it is crucial that there are significant differences between tumor tissues and normal tissues, that is, they have a certain ability to recognize target cells. Porphyrin compounds have special affinity for cancer cells due to their unique structures, and they can selectively stay in cancer tissues. The research of it as a localizing agent and a drug for diagnosis and treatment of cancer has already aroused great interest of chemists, medical scientists and biologists. 5-Fluorouracil is a widely used anti-metabolite and anti-tumor drug in clinic. It has inhibitory effect on various tumors. It has good clinical effect in the treatment of colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, breast cancer and other cancers. Polyesters, polyester hydrocarbons, polyester amides, deoxyribonucleic acid, furans, 5-fluorouracil derivatives linked to nitroxide radicals all have antitumor effects.
(2) Anti-AIDS drugs. Viral diseases have become one of the most harmful diseases to human beings, especially the spread of AIDS, which has aroused widespread concern. There are many kinds of anti-AIDS drugs that have been approved by the US Food Administration (FDA), many of which are nucleoside compounds. In order to reduce the toxicity of drugs and improve their efficacy, scientists have begun to turn their attention to the study of non-nucleoside compounds, and such compounds have become the focus of antiviral drug research.
Synthetic method
Pyrimidines and various substituted pyrimidines are synthesized in a variety of ways. For example, barbituric acid (2,4,6-trihydroxypyrimidine) can be obtained by the condensation of urea and diethyl malonate under the action of sodium alkoxide. Barbituric acid and phosphorus oxychloride are heated together to obtain 2,4,6-trichloropyrimidine, which reacts with sodium methoxide to obtain trimethoxypyrimidine. Chloropyrimidines react with ammonia or primary and secondary amines to generate the corresponding aminopyrimidines. The derivatives of pyrimidine, cytosine, uracil and thymine, are the constituent parts of nucleic acid and deoxynucleic acid, and the pyrimidine part in the vitamin B1 molecule is a 4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidine methyl group. Many oral long-acting sulfa drugs are derivatives of pyrimidine and its isomers.
The 2,4-dichloropyrimidine is prepared by reduction reaction in the presence of palladium, magnesium oxide and activated carbon.
Pyrimidine Series Intermediates,2-Chloro-5-Methylpyrimidine,5-Bromo-2-chloropyrimidine,2 4-Dichloro-5-Methylpyrimidine
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