"Production and users, supply and demand are the two sides of the 'coin' that are self-contained. They are indispensable: autonomy without supply is a tree without roots, and autonomy without demand is a castle in the air." Dr. Liu Wei, a researcher, said in an interview with reporters recently.
Autonomy and localization cannot be confused
Under the background of economic globalization, should equipment manufacturing, especially major technical equipment, still insist on self-reliance? People have disagreed on the answer to this question. Some people even confuse autonomy with localization. In this regard, Dr. Liu Wei stated that autonomy as a policy requirement and an industrial development model is irreplaceable for the revitalization of China's major technology equipment manufacturing industry. There is a fundamental difference between autonomy and localization.
The first is that the main body is different. Who is the main body of autonomy? Self-reliance is linked to the development and revitalization of China's major technology equipment manufacturing industry. The main body of self-reliance is domestic companies, or Chinese enterprises. The mainstay of localization is multinational corporations. Liu Wei emphasized that the subjects of autonomy and localization have very different distinctions. Domestic companies or Chinese companies obviously do not include foreign-funded companies and subsidiaries of multinational companies. No matter how the latter is localized on Chinese land, as long as it is controlled by foreign capital, and the ownership of the trademark belongs to the foreign party, it cannot be called a domestic company.
Followed by different connotations. As far as major technological equipment is concerned, autonomy refers to the country’s independent innovation approach, including original innovation, integrated innovation, and introduction of digestion and re-innovation, during the critical period of industrialization. It gradually realizes the independent design, independent research and development, and independent manufacturing of major technical equipment. Gradually improve the ability of independent products to meet the needs of the domestic market. Localization is a concept associated with the global expansion of multinational corporations. Its essence is the process that multinational corporations integrate production, marketing, management, and personnel into the host country economy. Obviously, the connotations of self-reliance and localization are far apart and there are few links.
The third is different results. Autonomy is the overall planning for domestic supply and demand, and is the path and goal for the development of China's major technological equipment manufacturing industry. The result of localization of multinational corporations is a double-edged sword. Multinational companies either build factories in China or spend a lot of labor. The result of localization has evolved from cost-to-earth companies. The entire Siemens Power Transmission and Distribution Group has production in China, more than ten companies and thousands of employees, but no one It can be said that Siemens is a local company in China; on the legal level, the fact that Siemens has foreign-controlled companies will not change. Good localization does not mean that it has become a local company.
Liu Wei emphasized that autonomy and localization must not be confused. The tendency of China's major technological equipment manufacturing to replace autonomous orientation with localization is very dangerous and must be firmly opposed.
Independent innovation is not equal to self-reliance
The concept of independent innovation has become one of the most mainstream concepts in China's economic development. Why do we have the idea of ​​independent innovation and emphasize autonomy in the field of major technical equipment? In this regard, Liu Wei said that autonomy and independent innovation are both related and different, and many people just ignore this issue.
Independent innovation is for manufacturing companies (supply), while autonomy is not only for manufacturing companies, but also must involve users (requirements). This means that autonomy extends from supply to demand. From the perspective of supply, independent innovation of manufacturing companies is very important. Self-reliance includes full recognition and support for independent innovation of major technical equipment manufacturing companies. However, it is not enough to emphasize only independent innovation on the supply side. From the perspective of demand, autonomy includes requirements for the domestic market demand (users) to support and use autonomous major technical equipment.
Different from purely independent innovation, the most important significance of autonomy in the manufacturing of major technological equipment is the integration of “domestic supply and demandâ€, implying that in this stage we must use the import substitution strategy to promote the rejuvenation of major technological equipment industries. Profound meaning. Liu Wei stressed that there is no market demand and user support, independent innovation of major technology and equipment manufacturing enterprises is on paper, let alone sustainable. Only when the user chooses to purchase and use independent major technical equipment can he complete the entire process of autonomy. This is the fundamental meaning of autonomy.
When talking about the relationship between self-reliance and localization, Liu Wei believes that, on the one hand, the correlation between self-reliance and localization is extremely strong, and both contain the core concepts of coordinating domestic supply and demand; on the other hand, autonomy is Localization upgrade and beyond. Among them, localization emphasizes “productionâ€, while autonomy emphasizes independent innovation. It is necessary not only to innovate independently in the manufacturing process, but also to achieve autonomous completion in design and R&D. As far as the work is concerned, there is no essential difference between localization and autonomy only for the present.
Liu Wei told reporters that autonomy is a development strategy at a specific stage, not an ultimate goal, but a phased goal. At the same time, not all industries need to emphasize autonomy. For example, foreign brands can be found everywhere in China's daily chemical market. However, major technical equipment should be different from other industries and fields, and must insist on the independence of major technology and equipment. There are a large number of facts that show that although countries, industry associations, and manufacturing companies have been calling for the independence of major technology and equipment at different levels, domestic users still import a lot of equipment. Take the 2007 national import and export data as an example. In absolute terms, the amount of imports of state-owned enterprises is much higher than that of exports, with a deficit of 44.9 billion U.S. dollars (and the overall trade situation is a favorable balance of 262.2 billion U.S. dollars). This data supports, to a certain extent, the fact that “large state-owned enterprises have become the main force for imported equipment, and some national key projects have become the main battlefield for imported equipmentâ€. Obviously, to promote the autonomy of major technology and equipment, we must increase national regulation and support. We must consciously strengthen the regulation of domestic market demand from the perspective of coordinating domestic supply and demand.
There is a huge demand for independent major technical equipment in China, and autonomy does not exclude or exclude foreign equipment from entering the domestic market and occupies a certain market share, but it will gradually increase the share of autonomous major technology equipment in the domestic market. When talking about relevant policy recommendations, Liu Wei stated that first, it is necessary to introduce the “national cargo†certification standard for major technical equipment as soon as possible, and the second is to solve the first set of major domestic technological equipment through the capital expenditure of the state-owned capital operation budget to enter the market. The third problem is to strengthen the incentive management for central enterprises to purchase major domestic and technical equipment. The fourth is to guide and encourage users to effectively play the role of pulling and guiding independent major technical equipment.
Autonomy and localization cannot be confused
Under the background of economic globalization, should equipment manufacturing, especially major technical equipment, still insist on self-reliance? People have disagreed on the answer to this question. Some people even confuse autonomy with localization. In this regard, Dr. Liu Wei stated that autonomy as a policy requirement and an industrial development model is irreplaceable for the revitalization of China's major technology equipment manufacturing industry. There is a fundamental difference between autonomy and localization.
The first is that the main body is different. Who is the main body of autonomy? Self-reliance is linked to the development and revitalization of China's major technology equipment manufacturing industry. The main body of self-reliance is domestic companies, or Chinese enterprises. The mainstay of localization is multinational corporations. Liu Wei emphasized that the subjects of autonomy and localization have very different distinctions. Domestic companies or Chinese companies obviously do not include foreign-funded companies and subsidiaries of multinational companies. No matter how the latter is localized on Chinese land, as long as it is controlled by foreign capital, and the ownership of the trademark belongs to the foreign party, it cannot be called a domestic company.
Followed by different connotations. As far as major technological equipment is concerned, autonomy refers to the country’s independent innovation approach, including original innovation, integrated innovation, and introduction of digestion and re-innovation, during the critical period of industrialization. It gradually realizes the independent design, independent research and development, and independent manufacturing of major technical equipment. Gradually improve the ability of independent products to meet the needs of the domestic market. Localization is a concept associated with the global expansion of multinational corporations. Its essence is the process that multinational corporations integrate production, marketing, management, and personnel into the host country economy. Obviously, the connotations of self-reliance and localization are far apart and there are few links.
The third is different results. Autonomy is the overall planning for domestic supply and demand, and is the path and goal for the development of China's major technological equipment manufacturing industry. The result of localization of multinational corporations is a double-edged sword. Multinational companies either build factories in China or spend a lot of labor. The result of localization has evolved from cost-to-earth companies. The entire Siemens Power Transmission and Distribution Group has production in China, more than ten companies and thousands of employees, but no one It can be said that Siemens is a local company in China; on the legal level, the fact that Siemens has foreign-controlled companies will not change. Good localization does not mean that it has become a local company.
Liu Wei emphasized that autonomy and localization must not be confused. The tendency of China's major technological equipment manufacturing to replace autonomous orientation with localization is very dangerous and must be firmly opposed.
Independent innovation is not equal to self-reliance
The concept of independent innovation has become one of the most mainstream concepts in China's economic development. Why do we have the idea of ​​independent innovation and emphasize autonomy in the field of major technical equipment? In this regard, Liu Wei said that autonomy and independent innovation are both related and different, and many people just ignore this issue.
Independent innovation is for manufacturing companies (supply), while autonomy is not only for manufacturing companies, but also must involve users (requirements). This means that autonomy extends from supply to demand. From the perspective of supply, independent innovation of manufacturing companies is very important. Self-reliance includes full recognition and support for independent innovation of major technical equipment manufacturing companies. However, it is not enough to emphasize only independent innovation on the supply side. From the perspective of demand, autonomy includes requirements for the domestic market demand (users) to support and use autonomous major technical equipment.
Different from purely independent innovation, the most important significance of autonomy in the manufacturing of major technological equipment is the integration of “domestic supply and demandâ€, implying that in this stage we must use the import substitution strategy to promote the rejuvenation of major technological equipment industries. Profound meaning. Liu Wei stressed that there is no market demand and user support, independent innovation of major technology and equipment manufacturing enterprises is on paper, let alone sustainable. Only when the user chooses to purchase and use independent major technical equipment can he complete the entire process of autonomy. This is the fundamental meaning of autonomy.
When talking about the relationship between self-reliance and localization, Liu Wei believes that, on the one hand, the correlation between self-reliance and localization is extremely strong, and both contain the core concepts of coordinating domestic supply and demand; on the other hand, autonomy is Localization upgrade and beyond. Among them, localization emphasizes “productionâ€, while autonomy emphasizes independent innovation. It is necessary not only to innovate independently in the manufacturing process, but also to achieve autonomous completion in design and R&D. As far as the work is concerned, there is no essential difference between localization and autonomy only for the present.
Liu Wei told reporters that autonomy is a development strategy at a specific stage, not an ultimate goal, but a phased goal. At the same time, not all industries need to emphasize autonomy. For example, foreign brands can be found everywhere in China's daily chemical market. However, major technical equipment should be different from other industries and fields, and must insist on the independence of major technology and equipment. There are a large number of facts that show that although countries, industry associations, and manufacturing companies have been calling for the independence of major technology and equipment at different levels, domestic users still import a lot of equipment. Take the 2007 national import and export data as an example. In absolute terms, the amount of imports of state-owned enterprises is much higher than that of exports, with a deficit of 44.9 billion U.S. dollars (and the overall trade situation is a favorable balance of 262.2 billion U.S. dollars). This data supports, to a certain extent, the fact that “large state-owned enterprises have become the main force for imported equipment, and some national key projects have become the main battlefield for imported equipmentâ€. Obviously, to promote the autonomy of major technology and equipment, we must increase national regulation and support. We must consciously strengthen the regulation of domestic market demand from the perspective of coordinating domestic supply and demand.
There is a huge demand for independent major technical equipment in China, and autonomy does not exclude or exclude foreign equipment from entering the domestic market and occupies a certain market share, but it will gradually increase the share of autonomous major technology equipment in the domestic market. When talking about relevant policy recommendations, Liu Wei stated that first, it is necessary to introduce the “national cargo†certification standard for major technical equipment as soon as possible, and the second is to solve the first set of major domestic technological equipment through the capital expenditure of the state-owned capital operation budget to enter the market. The third problem is to strengthen the incentive management for central enterprises to purchase major domestic and technical equipment. The fourth is to guide and encourage users to effectively play the role of pulling and guiding independent major technical equipment.
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