Thermal calculation of roasting process---calculation of fuel (1)

(1) Calculation of fuel The calculation of combustion calculation is based on the material balance and heat balance of the combustion reaction to calculate the basic parameters of the combustion reaction (air volume, amount of combustion products and their composition, density, calorific value, combustion temperature, etc.). In the calculation, the following assumptions are made: the gas volume is calculated according to the standard state (0 ° C, 101.325 kPa); in the standard state, the volume per kilogram of molecular gas is 22.4 m 3 ; the molecular weight of the element is approximately calculated with the calculation; The thermal decomposition product only calculates the fuel-reaction product; regardless of the moisture and rare gas in the air, it is considered that the air is composed of 21% oxygen and 79% nitrogen. Therefore, the air volume is 4.762 times the oxygen volume, and the nitrogen in the air The volume is 3.762 times the volume of oxygen, and the moisture of the wet air is calculated as the saturated humidity; both the calculation of the amount of air and the products of combustion are considered to be carried out under complete combustion conditions.
Combustion calculations have analytical calculations and graphical calculations. Only analytical calculations are presented here.
A. Combustion analysis of gaseous fuels Calculates the total volume of aerobic combustion per 1 m3 of gaseous fuel:

The L O and L n calculated above are all dry air. In fact, the air contains water vapor. The accurate calculation should take into account the water vapor in the air. Therefore, the actual wet air consumption and the actual wet combustion product amount are:
L W n = (1 + 0.0012q d H2o ) L n , m 3 /kg (or m 3 ) (6)
V W n =V n +0.0012q d H2o ×L n ,m 3 /kg (or m 3 ) (7)[next]
B. Analysis of Combustion of Liquid and Solid Fuels Total number of kilograms of aerobics per kg of fuel burned:

Where A op — the weight of the ash in the fuel, kg;
1.293—The density of air, kg/m 3 .
If the influence of moisture in the air is taken into consideration, it can be corrected according to Equations 6 and 7.
C Empirical formula for various combustion calculations [next]
D Calculation of combustion temperature The temperature in the roaster is one of the key conditions to ensure the smooth completion of the roasting process. The basic factor determining the temperature in the furnace is the temperature at which the gas combustion products can be reached during combustion of the fuel. Assuming that the fuel is completely burned and does not dissipate outward, the heat generated by the combustion of the fuel is all contained in the combustion products. The combustion temperature under this condition is called the theoretical combustion temperature, which is a certain component of the fuel under certain combustion conditions (n, t a , t Æ’ ) The highest temperature that can be reached. The total calculation is:

Where t th ———the theoretical combustion temperature, ° C;
Q o ——— physical heat into the air pre-tropical zone Oo=lnca ta;
Q ƒ ——— Physical heat Q 带 = c ƒ · t ƒ ;
Q t · d — the heat lost by thermal decomposition of the combustion products;
C c · p — the average specific heat of the combustion product at t c · p ;
c a — the average specific heat of the air at a temperature t a ;
--- C Æ’ hot fuel ratio at the time T Æ’;
t a ——— preheating temperature of air, °C;
t ƒ ———Preheating temperature of fuel, °C.
The heat dissipation of the furnace in production is unavoidable, so it is impossible to reach the theoretical combustion temperature. The highest temperature actually reached by the furnace is called the actual combustion temperature. The empirical calculation formula is:
t r =ηt th (9)
Where t r ——— actual combustion temperature, °C;
η———High temperature coefficient, the high temperature coefficient of the roasting equipment is 0.65~0.85.

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