In-depth discussion of the overall issue of China's food security

[ China Agricultural Machinery Industry News ] On March 7, a press conference was held at the Fifth Session of the 12th National People's Congress. At the press conference, Minister of Agriculture Han Changfu and Vice Minister Zhang Taolin answered questions from reporters on topics related to promoting structural reforms in the supply side of agriculture.

Improve food supply and demand, and guarantee the people of the country to "get some food"

Promoting the structural reform of the supply side of agriculture is a global and directional issue. Han Changfu said that after the "twelve consecutive increases in grain", China's agricultural total problem has been better solved, but it also faces a series of new problems. For example, general agricultural products are not lacking, green agricultural products are insufficient, and the overall supply exceeds demand, but Some types of varieties have insufficient supply and other structural contradictions.

In-depth discussion of the overall issue of China's food security

"To this end, China will promote the structural reform of the supply side of agriculture as the main line, accelerate the development of new kinetic energy for agricultural and rural development, and strive to consolidate the current good situation of agriculture." Han Changfu said, "In the past, the adjustment of agricultural structure was in transition to a market economy. The process is carried out mainly through administrative promotion; this supply-side structural reform is mainly achieved by means of market means and reforms, and by guiding the behavior of market entities."

Last year, China’s grain production declined in the past 12 years, reducing by 10.4 billion jin. In this regard, Han Changfu said: "The main reduction is corn, which is also the result of our active adjustment of the structure. It is normal for food production to increase or decrease according to current supply and demand, and it will become a normal state."

"There is more food production, no more. It is impossible to relax. China's food production is not relaxed or relaxed. The primary responsibility of the agricultural sector is to ensure that the people of the country can 'get some food.'" Han Changfu said, the next step, the Ministry of Agriculture will implement the country. The new food security strategy is to maintain the bottom line of basic self-sufficiency and safe food. At the same time, we will stabilize the local government's enthusiasm for raising grain and farmers to grow grain, and “contain the grain in the land and the grain in the technology” to consolidate and increase the grain production capacity. “Even if there is some fluctuation in the grain market and annual output, it doesn’t matter. As long as we need it, we can produce it and provide it.”

Revitalize land resources and make up the shortcomings of agricultural financial services

"The land issue is the fundamental problem of the basic rural management system. The promotion of rural reform is still based on the relationship between farmers and land." Han Changfu said that letting land flow as a productive factor is the development of modern agriculture and the realization of large-scale agricultural operations. The direction.

At present, China's land transfer area accounts for about 35% of the total area of ​​household contracted cultivated land. Han Changfu said that in the process of land transfer, it is especially necessary to protect the interests of farmers. To this end, China implemented the “distribution of the three powers” ​​last year. It has the right to make an ironclad certificate, so that the rights of the collective, contracted farmers and land-flowing people are protected and balanced.

In addition, China has conducted various explorations in terms of land use rights. For example, the land use right mortgage loan pilot is underway. After the land is transferred, the right to use can be mortgaged, but the realization of the right to use cannot infringe the contractual rights and ownership. How to guarantee? Han Changfu said: "It is up to the contract to stipulate that the contracted farmer and the inflow party have a contract. This contract must be verified in the agricultural sector, and both parties' rights and interests must be guaranteed. On the one hand, guiding reasonable land transfer fees to protect the rights of farmers; It is also necessary to protect the rights and interests of the inflowing parties and make the land flow develop healthily."

The separation of land rights is conducive to revitalizing land resources and promoting large-scale agricultural operations. However, agricultural loans are difficult, financing is expensive, and insurance is low. In this regard, Han Changfu said that the Ministry of Agriculture and relevant departments are actively taking action to establish a loan guarantee system for agricultural new-type business entities, and strive to fill the shortcomings of agricultural financial services. Han Changfu said that the Ministry of Agriculture will also encourage the support of qualified agricultural enterprises and agribusinesses to go public, to alleviate the difficulty of financing agriculture.

Safeguarding the safety of agricultural products, the application of genetic modification should be cautious

"At present, China has not approved any commercial planting of genetically modified food crops. We are also strictly forbidden to plant illegal and illegal plants." In response to questions about genetic modification, Han Changfu said.

Zhang Taolin said that the safety of GM technology is controllable and guaranteed. Monitoring results from numerous international agencies, such as the World Health Organization, indicate that GM products approved by the government for safety evaluation are as safe as non-GM products.

"Our country's policy on genetically modified is clear, that is, it must be bold in research and insist on independent innovation; it must be prudent in promoting its application and ensure safety; it must be strictly managed and regulated according to law." Zhang Taolin said that in the safety management of genetically modified organisms, China Strictly supervised according to law, established a management system based on territorial management, strengthened supervision, and found that they violated laws and regulations and investigated and dealt with them together.

"The next step, in actively and steadily promoting the development of genetically modified organisms, we will promote according to 'non-edible-indirect consumption-edible'. In the rations, we will be cautious and careful." Zhang Taolin said.