1.1 Selection of Cleaning Modes From the perspective of cleaning methods, the commonly used methods of mechanical cleaning machines at home and abroad are mainly two methods, ie, the immersion method and the pressure injection method. Each of the two methods is not easy to completely peel off from the surface of the workpiece, and is easy to produce corrosion spots. The pressure spray method is suitable for the through-type cleaning of a single type of workpiece, and has poor cleaning performance for stacking or complex shapes and screw holes and blind holes. According to the characteristics of the vacuum heat treatment process and the requirements for the cleanliness of the workpiece, the advantages of the above two methods are integrated. The CMH cleaning machine increases the powerful mixing function of the push type on the basis of the liquid immersion method so as to achieve effective immersion and strengthen the Screw hole and a certain depth of blind hole cleaning. At the same time, after the immersion, it is rinsed by pressure jet method to remove the cleaning agent residue and foam attached to the workpiece to achieve a high degree of cleanliness. After the cleaning is completed, the workpiece is dried by using the residual heat of the workpiece and the forced hot air to meet the vacuum heat treatment. The cleanliness requirements of the workpiece.
Considering this type of washing machine as an auxiliary facility for vacuum heat treatment, it is designed to make it occupy a small area and have a compact structure, so that a variety of functions can be continuously completed in a vertical structure. 1.2 Structure Diagram CMH Series Cleaning Machine Structure The schematic diagram is as shown.
CMH multifunctional cleaning machine structure. Dipping chamber 2. Stirring system 3. Insulation layer 4. Loading and unloading platform 5. Spray chamber 6. Hot air drying system 7. Lifting drive system 8. Spray system 9. Liquid chamber 10. Heating system Cleaning the cabinet body It is divided into two rooms. The left side is the rinsing liquid chamber, and the right side is divided into upper and lower zones. The upper zone is the pressure jet rinsing and drying zone. The lower zone is the leaching zone. The rinsing liquid is guided into the rinsing liquid tank through a specially designed structure and is isolated from the immersion liquid. . Multiple steps (immersion, agitation, spray, wind (drying) dry) are completed in the upper and lower two zones on the right side of the vertical tank body, only the lifting movement during cleaning of the workpiece cleaning principle of the CMH cleaning machine is cleaned the surface of the workpiece Under the physicochemical action of the effective cleaning agent, the oil stain reduces the surface tension and weakens the adsorption force. The impregnating liquid is subjected to powerful propelling stirring to make the immersion liquid in a turbulent state and continuously scour the surface of the workpiece to make the oil stains from the surface of the workpiece. Exfoliate and promote the decomposition of oil stains, such as grooves, screw holes, blind holes, etc., to achieve effective leaching.
When the work piece is lifted into the injection station, a specially designed high-pressure nozzle is used to properly arrange the circumference, eject high-pressure and high-temperature water flow, and flush the soaking liquid remaining on the surface of the workpiece to achieve high cleanliness requirements.
The cleaned workpiece is dried using its own waste heat and hot air.
CMH series washing machine performance parameters and structural characteristics Table 1 lists the main specifications of the two CMH cleaning machines, performance parameters and adapt the vacuum furnace type.
Table 1 Main Specifications and Performance Parameters of CMH Cleaner Model Effective Cleaning Area Maximum Cleaning Weight (kg/time) Dip Liquid Temperature Control (1) Rinsing Fluid Temperature Control rc) Heating Power (Kw) Stirring Power OCW) Injection Pressure (MPa) ) Fit vacuum furnace type 65 and below furnace vertical structure set immersion, strong mixing, pressure shower, wind (drying) dry multi-function in one, compact structure; automatic separation of dipping liquid, rinse liquid , Temperature self-control, covering the energy-saving insulation layer; Top insert thruster mixing system plus special design diversion device, make the cleaning medium in a strong turbulent state, effectively cleaning stacking cards, tanks, channels, holes, etc.; The specially designed nozzles are arranged around the showering chamber to spray out the high temperature and high pressure cleaning fluids to effectively meet the requirements for cleaning.
Disposes the special-purpose workpiece transfer car, the work piece feeds is convenient and nimble, joins with the vacuum heat treatment installs the furnace to join the furnace, raises the production efficiency; The material basket cleans, is advantageous to the vacuum stove's entering and leaving the furnace operation, cleans the oil quenched workpiece and the material basket even more Simple and effective; automatic cleaning process, easy to operate, stable and reliable; set the liquid level reporting system, to remind the rehydration function, to avoid heater damage; set the overflow degreasing, extend the use of cleaning liquid, set the slag removal port, to facilitate the removal of sedimentation Inclusion; simple structure, functional and practical, easy maintenance.
2. Test comparison of cleaning process 2.1 Selection of cleaning agent In order to select a suitable cleaning agent with high efficiency, low foaming, low corrosiveness and environmental protection requirements, a comparison of the suitability test of various commercially available metal cleaning agents was conducted. Choose the LCX-52 normal temperature degreasing water-based cleaning agent for use with the CMH cleaning machine. And its technological properties were tested.
LCX-52 water-based light lotion consists of surfactants, builders and corrosion inhibitors, etc. The active ingredient is 100% free of sodium nitrite, non-toxic, odorless, and has a certain anti-rust ability for cleaning parts. LCX-52 water-based light lotion is similar to commercially available commercial detergent (synthetic detergent) and meets environmental protection requirements. Table 2 shows the cleaning effect of the cleaning agent at different temperatures.
Table 2 The cleaning effect of various brands of warm water-based cleaners produced by a certain brand in Beijing (test piece: CrWMn bearing seats. Weighing method) Dipping liquid temperature Sample No. Initial weight G (g) Oiled weight After washing Weight Gz(g) cleaning effect The surface appearance of the sample after the cleaning is brighter, but there is a bright spot on the surface of the corroded spot, and there is a small spot of corrosive spot. The surface is brighter, and there is basically no corrosion spot. There are many obvious corrosion spots. The cleaning agent has a good cleaning effect at room temperature, but there are occasional corrosion spots on the parts. The higher temperature (70X: above) is more obvious in the corrosion spot, and the better use temperature range is up and down at 6CTC. Obvious, and the cleaning speed is significantly faster than the low temperature.
Table 3 shows the comparison results of the cleaning effect of the cleaning agent at different concentrations. Table 3 shows the cleaning effect of different concentrations of the cleaning agent (immersion solution temperature 6 iC). The concentration of the dipping solution. Sample No. Original heavy child Go(b) Oiled weight cleaning After the weight cleaning effect is seen from Table 3, the cleaning effect of the concentration increasing enthalpy decreases, and more flower spots appear on the surface of the workpiece. Therefore, it is good to determine the degree of use of the metal cleaner used.
2.2—Comparison of the cleaning effect of different cleaning methods at a certain concentration of constant temperature The purpose of this comparative test is to select a better cleaning method by comparing the cleaning effects of five different cleaning methods in the CMH cleaning machine.
Test piece: Slotted Crl2MV steel circular blade; cleaning agent concentration 1%, dip solution temperature 6 (TC, cleaning solution temperature 80C; cleaning effect using weighing method and surface observation method; 10 minutes soak; 2:10 Minute spray: 3:10 minutes stirring dip; 4:3 mode plus 5 minutes spray; 5:4 mode plus 3 minutes air dry c test Results: 1: Part of the surface of the oil film disappears, the oil film is isolated into pieces, Discontinuous: The surface of the workpiece is stained with a lot of dipping liquid and foam.
2: Part of the oil film on the surface of the workpiece disappears, the oil film is separated into pieces, and there is still much dirt in the groove.
3: The oil film on the surface of the workpiece basically disappears, there is a small amount of dirt in the groove, and the surface of the workpiece is stained with a lot of dipping and foam.
4: The oil film on the surface of the workpiece basically disappears, and the groove is also cleaned relatively cleanly. There is no residual foam on the workpiece, but the water is more.
5: The cleanliness of the workpiece is the same as the four methods. After the air-drying step is added, the residual water on the workpiece surface and the material basket is very small, and the workpiece is not easy to rust.
The cleaning effects of the five cleaning methods are as follows: From the comparison of the cleaning effects of the five cleaning methods, it can be seen that the five kinds of cleaning methods are the best in terms of the fifth (immersion, mixing + spraying + air drying) cleaning effect. The surface of the workpiece is bright, oil-free, and the trenches are cleaned more cleanly; the air-drying step is added to make the residual moisture on the workpiece and the material basket less, and it is not easy to rust.
3. Batch application of vacuum heat treatment in production applications The CMH series of cleaning machines has been used in the vacuum heat treatment production of many companies. In a variety of complex shapes of motorcycle aluminum alloy pressure GCrl5), projector reed (65Mn, 60Si2Mn) and other batches of vacuum heat treatment workpiece cleaning on the production of applications, the cleaning effect can fully meet the vacuum heat treatment process The requirements for the cleanliness of workpieces, especially in the case of workpieces with baskets after cleaning the oil pan, show the advantages of convenience and effectiveness and are welcomed by operators. At the same time, the CMH cleaning machine is also used in a large number of ion-nitriding workpieces before cleaning, and its cleaning effect can meet the process requirements.
5. Summarize the special cleaning machine for vacuum heat treatment of CMH series, which combines immersion mixing, high pressure jet rinsing, and wind (drying) dry multi-function. It is compact in structure and practical in function. Its cleaning effect can fully meet the vacuum heat treatment process for parts and components. Cleaning requirements for cleanliness, especially with tape-removable cleaning, are more convenient and effective for post-cleaning oil-quenched parts.
CMH cleaning machine and vacuum heat treatment process process convergence, saving time and effort, efficient and reliable.
The CMH washing machine adopts the water-based cleaning method, which eliminates the main hidden dangers of using organic solvents in environmental protection, safety and health, and has a certain promoting effect on improving the level and development of vacuum heat treatment.
(4) The CMH cleaning machine is not only suitable for the vacuum heat treatment workpiece cleaning, but also can be used as a small ion nitriding workpiece cleaning or other heat treatment process workpiece cleaning.
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